April 2025 brought the Pahalgam terror attack and India's suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty, the Waqf (Amendment) Act, the Supreme Court's deadline ruling on Governors, the BIMSTEC summit in Bangkok and the new Pamban bridge. Major items are grouped below by GS paper.

In this compilation: 26 major items, grouped by GS theme · 10-question quiz at the end.

Timeline: key events of April 2025

Places in news, April 2025

Polity & Governance

1. Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025

• Parliament passed it in early April; it was renamed the UMEED Act.
• It ends "waqf by user" for future cases and adds non-Muslim members to boards.
• Petitions challenged it under Articles 14, 25 and 26.

Why it matters for UPSC: Religious freedom and state regulation.

Syllabus: GS2 – Minority institutions

2. SC sets timelines for Governors and the President

• In State of Tamil Nadu v Governor, the Court ruled the Governor's withholding of 10 Bills illegal.
• It used Article 142 to deem the Bills assented.
• It set a three-month limit for the President on reserved Bills.

Why it matters for UPSC: Constitutional morality and the Governor's office.

Syllabus: GS2 – Federalism

3. Justice B.R. Gavai named 52nd CJI

• He took office on 14 May 2025.
• He was the first Buddhist and second Dalit CJI.
• He served until November 2025.

Why it matters for UPSC: Diversity in the higher judiciary.

Syllabus: GS2 – Judiciary