Also: Samudrayaan, Matsya 6000, blue economy mission, DOM
Definition
A Union government mission, approved in 2021 under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, to develop technologies to explore the deep sea, including a crewed submersible to reach 6,000 metres, and to study ocean resources, biodiversity and climate.
Oceans cover about seventy per cent of the Earth's surface, yet much of the deep sea remains unexplored. India has a coastline of over 7,500 km and an Exclusive Economic Zone of more than two million square kilometres. Its ocean research began with Antarctic expeditions from 1981 and the Department of Ocean Development set up in the same year, later merged into the Ministry of Earth Sciences in 2006. In 1987 India became the first country to receive pioneer investor status from the UN for exploration of polymetallic nodules in the Central Indian Ocean Basin, and it holds exploration contracts with the International Seabed Authority (ISA).
The Deep Ocean Mission was approved in 2021 as a multi-ministerial, multidisciplinary programme to support the blue economy, the use of ocean resources for growth, livelihoods and ocean health. It covers deep-sea mining technology, a crewed submersible, ocean climate advisory services, biodiversity exploration, energy and freshwater from the ocean, and a marine biology station. The crewed vehicle project, Samudrayaan, aims to carry three people to a depth of 6,000 metres, which would place India among a small group of countries with such capability.
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