Also: Expert Group to Review the Methodology for Measurement of Poverty (2014), C. Rangarajan Committee
Definition
Most often, the 2012–14 expert group under former RBI Governor C. Rangarajan that revised India's poverty line, estimating 29.5% of the population as poor in 2011–12; the name also refers to his earlier committees on balance of payments, sugar decontrol and other economic reforms.
India's official poverty estimates were long based on expert group methods developed by the Planning Commission. The Lakdawala method of 1993 used state-specific poverty lines anchored in calorie norms. The Tendulkar Committee of 2009 moved away from calorie norms and set a single urban-based consumption basket for all, including private spending on health and education. When the Planning Commission released Tendulkar-based estimates in 2013, the implied poverty line of about ₹27 per day in rural areas and ₹33 in urban areas drew sharp public criticism as too low.
In 2012, the government had already set up an expert group under C. Rangarajan to review the methodology. Its report in 2014 proposed a higher poverty line based on separate baskets for food, essential non-food items and a normative level of other spending. Soon after, the Planning Commission was replaced by NITI Aayog in 2015, and the government did not formally adopt the Rangarajan line. A NITI Aayog task force under Arvind Panagariya in 2016 did not settle on a new line either.
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