UPSC 2024 › Environment & Ecology

14 questions · 2024 · answers as per the UPSC key

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Topics: Biodiversity & Conservation (4)Ecosystems & Ecology Concepts (3)Pollution & Waste Management (3)Climate Change & Greenhouse Gases (1)Environmental Governance & Legislation (1)International Environmental Treaties & Summits (1)Protected Areas & Wildlife (1)

One of the following regions has the world’s largest tropical peatland, which holds about three years worth of global carbon emissions from fossil fuels; and the possible destruction of which can exert detrimental effect on the global climate. Which one of the following denotes that region ?

(a) Amazon Basin
(b) Congo Basin
(c) Kikori Basin
(d) Rio de la Plata Basin
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Answer: (b) Congo Basin

With reference to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that are used in making many consumer products, consider the following statements :

  1. PFAS are found to be widespread in drinking water, food and food packaging materials.
  2. PFAS are not easily degraded in the environment.
  3. Persistent exposure to PFAS can lead to bioaccumulation in animal bodies.

Which of the statements given above are correct ?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Consider the following :

  1. Carabid beetles
  2. Centipedes
  3. Flies
  4. Termites
  5. Wasps Parasitoid species are found in how many of the above kind of organisms ?
(a) Only two
(b) Only three
(c) Only four
(d) All five
Show answer
Answer: (b) Only three

Consider the following plants :

  1. Groundnut
  2. Horse-gram
  3. Soybean

How many of the above belong to the pea family ?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
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Answer: (c) All three

Consider the following statements :

Statement-I : The Indian Flying Fox is placed under the “vermin” category in the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972.

Statement-II : The Indian Flying Fox feeds on the blood of other animals.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements ?

(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
(c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Show answer
Answer: No single answer
Note: Cancelled by UPSC — marks awarded to all candidates

The organisms "Cicada, Froghopper and Pond skater" are :

(a) Birds
(b) Fish
(c) Insects
(d) Reptiles
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Answer: (c) Insects

Consider the following statements :

Statement-I : Many chewing gums found in the market are considered a source of environmental pollution.

Statement-II : Many chewing gums contain plastic as gum base.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements ?

(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
(c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Show answer
Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I

Consider the following pairs :

1. 2. 3.

How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched ?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Show answer
Answer: (d) None

Consider the following statements : 1. 2. 3.

Which of the statements given above are correct ?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

Which one of the following shows a unique relationship with an insect that has coevolved with it and that is the only insect that can pollinate this tree ?

(a) Fig
(b) Mahua
(c) Sandalwood
(d) Silk cotton
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Answer: (a) Fig

Consider the following : 1. 2. 3.

How many of the above have poisonous species among them ?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
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Answer: (c) All three

Consider the following : 1. 2. 3.

How many of the above trees are actually native to India ?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Show answer
Answer: (a) Only one

According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which one of the following is the largest source of sulphur dioxide emissions ?

(a) Locomotives using fossil fuels
(b) Ships using fossil fuels
(c) Extraction of metals from ores
(d) Power plants using fossil fuels
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Answer: (d) Power plants using fossil fuels

Consider the following statements :

Statement-I : The European Parliament approved The Net-Zero Industry Act recently.

Statement-II : The European Union intends to achieve carbon neutrality by 2040 and therefore aims to develop all of its own clean technology by that time.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements ?

(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
(c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Show answer
Answer: (c) Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect