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Revision note: PESA, Local Finances and the Working of Grassroots Democracy

  • PESA 1996 (Bhuria Committee), in force 24 Dec 1996; 10 Fifth Schedule states
  • Gram sabha nucleus: approves plans, identifies beneficiaries, consulted on land acquisition, recommends minor-mineral leases
  • Powers: minor forest produce ownership, prevent land alienation, money-lending, markets, intoxicants
  • ≥ 50% seats & all chairpersons reserved for STs
  • Local finances: own revenue (property tax), SFCs, FC grants (15th FC ≈ ₹4.36 lakh crore; tied grants for sanitation & water)
  • Weaknesses: 3Fs, proxy representation, irregular gram sabhas; Kerala People's Plan 1996
Revision card summarising PESA, Local Finances and the Working of Grassroots Democracy
One-page visual summary of the key points to revise.

Source: https://upscprep.in/upsc/gs2/local-government/pesa-local-finances-and-the-working-of-grassroots-democracy/ · UPSCPrep.in

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