GS3 › Disasters and their Management

Revision note: Geophysical Hazards and Industrial Disasters: Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Landslides and Chemical Accidents

  • Indian plate ~5 cm/yr north; ~59% land in Zones III–V; Zone V: NE, J&K/Ladakh, HP, UK, Kutch, N Bihar, A&N; revised code 2025 adds Zone VI (verify)
  • Quakes: Assam 1950 (8.6), Latur 1993, Bhuj 2001 (7.7), Nepal 2015 (7.8); IS 1893 / IS 13920; NCS monitors
  • Tsunami 26 Dec 2004 (M 9.1 Sumatra); ITEWC at INCOIS Hyderabad 2007; Tsunami Ready: Venkatraipur and Noliasahi (Odisha)
  • Landslides ~12.6% land (GSI); Landslide Atlas 2023 (ISRO); Joshimath 2023; Wayanad Jul 2024; strategy 2019
  • Bhopal 1984 MIC → EPA 1986, PLI Act 1991; absolute liability (M.C. Mehta 1986, oleum); Chemical Accidents Rules 1996; LG Polymers 2020 styrene
  • COVID: DM Act first invoked for a pandemic (Mar 2020) + Epidemic Diseases Act 1897
Revision card summarising Geophysical Hazards and Industrial Disasters: Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Landslides and Chemical Accidents
One-page visual summary of the key points to revise.

Source: https://upscprep.in/upsc/gs3/disasters-and-their-management/geophysical-hazards-and-industrial-disasters-earthquakes-tsunamis-landslides-and-chemical-accidents/ · UPSCPrep.in

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