GS3 › Disasters and their Management
Revision note: Hydro-meteorological Disasters: Floods, Cyclones, Droughts, Heatwaves and Cloudbursts
- Floods: ~40 Mha flood-prone (RBA 1980); urban floods (Mumbai 2005, Chennai 2015); GLOF South Lhonak (Oct 2023); CWC forecasting; floodplain zoning
- Cyclones: SST > 26.5 °C, Coriolis, low shear; Bay of Bengal ~4× Arabian Sea; Arabian Sea intensifying; super cyclone ≥ 222 km/h; 13-country naming panel; RSMC New Delhi
- Odisha: 1999 super cyclone (~10,000 deaths) → Phailin 2013, Fani 2019 near-zero; OSDMA 1999 (first); NCRMP shelters
- Drought: meteorological > 25% deficit; Manual 2016/2020; PMKSY watershed, PMFBY
- Heatwave: 40/37/30 °C + 4.5–6.4 °C departure, or ≥ 45 °C; Ahmedabad HAP 2013; NDMA guidelines 2016/2019
- Cloudburst ≥ 100 mm/h; lightning ~2,500+ deaths/yr (Damini app); SACHET alerts; Mission Mausam 2024
Source: https://upscprep.in/upsc/gs3/disasters-and-their-management/hydro-meteorological-disasters-floods-cyclones-droughts-heatwaves-and-cloudbursts/ · UPSCPrep.in