GS3 › Science and Technology in Depth

Revision note: Biotechnology, Health Technology and Bioethics

  • rDNA: restriction enzymes, ligase, vectors; colours of biotech
  • CRISPR-Cas9 (Nobel Chemistry 2020); genome-edited rice 2025; sickle cell mission 2023 (elimination by 2047)
  • iPSCs (Yamanaka 2012); NexCAR19 CAR-T 2023; Genome India (10,000 genomes, data Jan 2025)
  • Vaccines: ~60% of world volume; Covaxin; ZyCoV-D (first DNA vaccine); Gemcovac (mRNA); Cervavac (HPV, 2022)
  • DBT 1986; BIRAC 2012; BioE3 Policy Aug 2024; bioeconomy ~$165 bn (2024); ABDM 2021
  • Regulation: GEAC (MoEFCC, EPA Rules 1989); BD Act 2002 (amended 2023); NDCT Rules 2019; Surrogacy & ART Acts 2021; TKDL 2001; BWC 1972
Revision card summarising Biotechnology, Health Technology and Bioethics
One-page visual summary of the key points to revise.

Source: https://upscprep.in/upsc/gs3/science-and-technology-in-depth/biotechnology-health-technology-and-bioethics/ · UPSCPrep.in

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