Polity

Drafting Committee

Also: Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly

Definition
The seven-member committee of the Constituent Assembly, chaired by B. R. Ambedkar and set up on 29 August 1947, that prepared the Draft Constitution of India, published in February 1948, and steered it through the Assembly's clause-by-clause debates.
Summary card: Drafting Committee. Set up on 29 August 1947. Chairman: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar. Draft Constitution published in February 1948. Draft had 315 articles and 8 schedules
Summary card © UPSCPrep.in

Background and evolution

The Constituent Assembly first met on 9 December 1946. It set up several committees on subjects such as Union powers, provincial constitutions, fundamental rights and minorities. Their reports provided the substance of the Constitution, but a body was needed to turn these decisions into a coherent legal text. On 29 August 1947, the Assembly appointed the Drafting Committee with seven members.

The committee worked on a first draft prepared by the Constitutional Adviser, B. N. Rau, who had studied constitutions around the world and consulted foreign experts. It examined Rau's draft and the committees' reports, and produced the Draft Constitution, which was published in February 1948 so that the public could comment. The Assembly then debated the draft in three readings, and the final Constitution was adopted on 26 November 1949.

Black-and-white photograph of B. R. Ambedkar handing a document to Rajendra Prasad
B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the Drafting Committee, presenting the final draft of the Constitution to Rajendra Prasad on 25 November 1949. Photo: Unknown author, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

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Last reviewed: 23 October 2026 · Original UPSCPrep.in content.