A set of 17 global goals and 169 targets adopted by all UN member states in 2015 as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, covering poverty, health, education, equality, environment, peace and partnerships.
The idea of sustainable development was popularised by the Brundtland Commission's report "Our Common Future" (1987), which defined it as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The 1992 Rio Earth Summit turned the idea into action plans such as Agenda 21. In 2000 the UN adopted eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), aimed mostly at developing countries, on hunger, schooling, child and maternal health and disease.
The MDGs were criticised for being drafted by a small group of experts, for ignoring inequality and environment, and for treating development as something rich countries help poor countries do. The Rio+20 conference in 2012 called for a new set of goals. After an Open Working Group and wide consultation, the UN General Assembly adopted "Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" in September 2015, the same year as the Paris Agreement on climate.
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