UPSC 1999 › Environment & Ecology

6 questions · 1999 · answers as per the UPSC key

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Topics: Environmental Governance & Legislation (2)Protected Areas & Wildlife (2)Ecosystems & Ecology Concepts (1)Sustainable Agriculture & Forestry (1)

The minimum land area recommended for forest cover to maintain proper ecological balance in India is

(a) 25%
(b) 33%
(c) 43%
(d) 53%
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Answer: (b) 33%

"India has the largest population of the Asian X. Today, there are just about 20,000 to 25,000 X in their natural habitat spreading across the evergreen forests, dry thorn forests, swamps and grasslands. Their prime habitats are, however, the moist deciduous forests. The X population in India ranges from Northwest India where they are found in the forest divisions of Dehradun, Bijnor and Nainital districts of UP to the Western Ghats in the states of Karnataka and Kerala and in Tamil Nadu. In Central India, their population is distributed in southern Bihar and Orissa. In the East, they are seen in North Bengal, Assam and a few other states." The animal 'X' referred to in this quotation is

(a) Lion
(b) Elephant
(c) Tiger
(d) One horned rhinoceros
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Answer: (b) Elephant

The first marine sanctuary in India, having within its bounds coral reefs, Mollusca, dolphins, tortoises and various kinds of sea birds, has been established in

(a) Sundarbans
(b) Chilka Lake
(c) Gulf of Kachchh
(d) Lakshadweep
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Answer: (c) Gulf of Kachchh

Which one of the following legislations does not deal with the protection of environment?

(a) The Water (Cess) Act, 1977
(b) The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
(c) The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
(d) The Port Laws Amendment Act, 1997
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Answer: (d) The Port Laws Amendment Act, 1997

Which one of the following agricultural practices is eco-friendly?

(a) Organic farming
(b) Shifting cultivation
(c) Cultivation of high yielding varieties
(d) Growing plants in glass-houses
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Answer: (a) Organic farming

Which one of the following is a useful functional association between fungi and the roots of higher plants?

(a) Biofertilizer
(b) Coralloid root
(c) Lichen
(d) Mycorrhiza
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Answer: (d) Mycorrhiza