Modern History › Key Personalities & Ideologies – UPSC Prelims PYQs

22 questions · 1996–2026 · answers as per the UPSC key

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Which of the following factors contributed to the formation of the Forward Bloc by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1939 ?

  1. Bose failed to win the confidence of Mahatma Gandhi.
  2. The Congress Left was disunited and failed to support Bose.
  3. The Communists did not support Bose in his endeavours.
  4. The supporters of M.N. Roy and socialist leaders like Jayaprakash Narayan preferred Congress unity to supporting Bose.

Select the answer using the code given below :

(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 2 and 4 only
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Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4

With reference to Madanapalle of Andhra Pradesh, which one of the following statements is correct?

(a) Pingali Venkayya designed the tricolour Indian National Flag here.
(b) Pattabhi Sitaramaiah led the Quit India Movement of Andhra region from here.
(c) Rabindranath Tagore translated the National Anthem from Bengali to English here.
(d) Madame Blavatsky and Colonel Olcott set up headquarters of Theosophical Society first here.
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Answer: (c) Rabindranath Tagore translated the National Anthem from Bengali to English here.

Who among the following is associated with ‘Songs from Prison’, a translation of ancient Indian religious lyrics in English?

(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
(d) Sarojini Naidu
Show answer
Answer: (c) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

One common agreement between Gandhism and Marxism is

(a) the final goal of a stateless society
(b) class struggle
(c) abolition of private property
(d) economic determinism
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Answer: (a) the final goal of a stateless society

With reference to Indian National Movement, consider the following pairs : Person

  1. Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru : President, All India Liberal Federation
  2. K. C. Neogy : Member, The Constituent Assembly
  3. P. C. Joshi : General Secretary, Communist Party of India

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

He wrote biographies of Mazzini, Garibaldi, Shivaji and Shrikrishna; stayed in America for some time; and was also elected to the Central Assembly. He was

(a) Aurobindo Ghosh
(b) Bipin Chandra Pal
(c) Lala Lajpat Rai
(d) Motilal Nehru
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Answer: (c) Lala Lajpat Rai

Which of the following parties were established by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar?

  1. The Peasants and Workers Party of India
  2. All India Scheduled Castes Federation
  3. The Independent Labour Party

Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

Consider the following statements : The most effective contribution made by Dadabhai Naoroji to the cause of Indian National Movement was that he

  1. exposed the economic exploitation of India by the British
  2. interpreted the ancient Indian texts and restored the self-confidence of Indians
  3. stressed the need for eradication of all the social evils before anything else

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only

Mahatma Gandhi said that some of his deepest convictions were reflected in a book titled "Unto this Last" and the book transformed his life. What was the message from the book that transformed Mahatma Gandhi ?

(a) Uplifting the oppressed and poor is the moral responsibility of an educated man
(b) and
(c) are correct in this context
(d) All the statements (a),
Show answer
Answer: (b) and

Who among the following Gandhian followers was a teacher by profession?

(a) A. N. Sinha
(b) Braj Kishore Prasad
(c) J. B. Kriplani
(d) Rajendra Prasad
Show answer
Answer: (c) J. B. Kriplani

Which one of the following was a journal brought out by Abul Kalam Azad?

(a) Al-Hilal
(b) Comrade
(c) The Indian Sociologist
(d) Zamindar
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Answer: (a) Al-Hilal

Which party was founded by Subhash Chandra Bose in the year 1939 after he broke away from the Congress?

(a) Indian Freedom Party
(b) Azad Hind Fauj
(c) Revolutionary Front
(d) Forward Bloc
Show answer
Answer: (d) Forward Bloc

Who among the following was a proponent of Fabianism as a movement?

(a) Annie Besant
(b) A.O. Hume
(c) Michael Madhusudan Dutt
(d) R. Palme Dutt
Show answer
Answer: (a) Annie Besant

With reference to the Indian freedom struggle, which one of the following statements is correct?

(a) Hakim Ajmal Khan was one of the leaders to start a nations list and militant Ahrar movement
(b) When the Indian National Congress was formed, Sayyid Ahmad Khan opposed it
(c) The All-India Muslim League which was formed in 1906 vehemently opposed the partition of Bengal and separate electorates
(d) Maulana Barkatullah and Maulana Obeidullah Sindhi were among those who formed a Provisional Government of India in Kabul
Show answer
Answer: (c) The All-India Muslim League which was formed in 1906 vehemently opposed the partition of Bengal and separate electorates

That the per capita income in India was Rs. 20 in 1867-68, was ascertained for the first time by

(a) M. G. Ranade
(b) Sir W. Hunter
(c) R. C. Dutta
(d) Dadabhai Naoroji
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Answer: (d) Dadabhai Naoroji

Which Indian nationalist leader looked upon a war between Germany and Britain as a god-sent opportunity which would enable Indians to exploit the situation to their advantage?

(a) C. Rajagopalachari
(b) M. A. Jinnah
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Show answer
Answer: (c) Subhas Chandra Bose

Which one of the following Indian leaders was dismissed by the British from the Indian Civil Service?

(a) Satyendranath Tagore
(b) Surendranath Banerji
(c) R. C. Dutt
(d) Subhash Chandra Bose
Show answer
Answer: (b) Surendranath Banerji

At the time of India’s Independence, Mahatma Gandhi was

(a) a member of Congress Working Committee
(b) not a member of the Congress
(c) the President of the Congress
(d) the General Secretary of the Congress
Show answer
Answer: (b) not a member of the Congress

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? I. Theodore Beck : Mohammadan Anglo-Oriental College, Aligarh II. Ilbert Bill : Ripon III. Pherozesha : Indian National Congress IV. Badruddin Tyabji : Muslim League

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

(a) I, II, III and IV
(b) II and IV
(c) I, III and IV
(d) I, II and III
Show answer
Answer: (d) I, II and III

“A graduate at 18, professor and associated editor of the Sudharak at 20, Secretary of the Sarvajanik Sabha and of the Provincial Conference at 25, Secretary of the National Congress at 29, leading witness before an important Royal Commission at 31, Provincial legislator at 34, Imperial legislator at 36, President of the Indian National Congress at 39 ……… a patriot whom Mahatma Gandhi himself regarded as his master.” This is how a biographer describes

(a) Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya
(b) Mahadev Govind Ranade
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
(d) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
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Answer: (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Match List I with List II

and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists:

List I I. Surendranath Bannerjee II. M. K. Gandhi III. Subhash Chandra Bose IV. Lajpat Rai

List II A) Hind Swaraj B) The Indian Struggle C) Autobiographical Writings D) A Nation in Making

Codes:

(a) I – D, II – A, III – C, IV – B
(b) I – A, II – D, III – C, IV – B
(c) I – A, II – D, III – B, IV – C
(d) I – D, II – A, III – B, IV – C
Show answer
Answer: (d) I – D, II – A, III – B, IV – C

Consider the following statements about Jawaharlal Nehru: I. He was the President of the Congress Party in 1947. II. He presided over the Constituent Assembly. III. He formed the first Congress Ministry in United Province before India’s independence. Of these statements

(a) I, II and III are correct
(b) I and III are correct
(c) I and II are correct
(d) None is correct
Show answer
Answer: (d) None is correct