Science & Technology – UPSC Prelims PYQs

668 questions · 1995–2026 · answers as per the UPSC key · page 14 of 14

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Who among the following anticipated Newton by declaring that all things gravitate to the earth?

(a) Aryabhata
(b) Varahamihira
(c) Buddha Gupta
(d) Brahmagupta
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Answer: (d) Brahmagupta

Optical fibre works on the principle of

(a) total internal reflection
(b) refraction
(c) scattering
(d) interference
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Answer: (a) total internal reflection

Suppose a rocketship is receding from the earth at a speed of 2⁄10th the velocity of light. A light in the rocketship appears blue to the passengers on the ship. What colour would it appear to an observer on the earth?

(a) Blue
(b) Orange
(c) Yellow
(d) Yellow-orange
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Answer: (d) Yellow-orange

Which one of the following pairs of materials serves as electrodes in chargeable batteries commonly used in devices such as torchlights, electric shavers, etc.?

(a) Nickel and cadmium
(b) Zinc and carbon
(c) Lead peroxide and lead
(d) Iron and cadmium
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Answer: (a) Nickel and cadmium

Cryogenic engines find applications in

(a) sub-marine propulsion
(b) frost-free refrigerators
(c) rocket technology
(d) researches in superconductivity
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Answer: (c) rocket technology

An air bubble in water will act like a

(a) convex mirror
(b) convex lens
(c) concave mirror
(d) concave lens
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Answer: (d) concave lens

The difference between a nuclear reactor and an atomic bomb is that

(a) no chain reaction takes place in nuclear reactor while in the atomic bomb there is a chain reaction
(b) the chain reaction in nuclear reactor is controlled
(c) the chain reaction in nuclear reactor is not controlled
(d) no chain reaction takes place in atomic bomb while it takes place in nuclear reactor
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Answer: (b) the chain reaction in nuclear reactor is controlled

Which one of the following sets is correctly matched?

(a) Diphtheria, Pneumonia and Leprosy: Hereditary
(b) AIDS, Syphilis and Gonorrhoea: Bacterial
(c) Colour blindness, Haemophilia and Sickle cell anaemia: Sex linked
(d) Polio, Japanese B encephalitis and plague: Viral
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Answer: No single answer
Note: None of the options (a–d) is correct

A person with ‘AB’ blood group is sometimes called a universal recipient because of the

(a) lack of antigen in his blood
(b) lack of antibodies in his blood
(c) lack of both antigens and antibodies in his blood
(d) presence of antibodies in his blood
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Answer: (b) lack of antibodies in his blood

Which one of the following is a membrane that protects the developing embryo from desiccation?

(a) Amnion
(b) Allantois
(c) Chorion
(d) Yolk sac
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Answer: (a) Amnion

Which one of the following antimicrobial drugs is suitable for treatment of both tuberculosis and leprosy?

(a) Isoniazid
(b) p-aminosalicylic acid
(c) Streptomycin
(d) Rifampicin
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Answer: (d) Rifampicin

Most of the desert plants bloom during night time because

(a) their blooming is controlled by low temperature
(b) they are sensitive to the phases of moon
(c) the desert insects eat away flowers during day time
(d) the desert insects are active during night time
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Answer: (d) the desert insects are active during night time

The only snake that builds a nest is

(a) Chain viper
(b) King Cobra
(c) Krait
(d) Saw scaled viper
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Answer: (b) King Cobra

Which of the following elements are present in all proteins? I. Carbon II. Hydrogen III. Oxygen IV. Nitrogen

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

(a) I and II
(b) I, II and IV
(c) I, III and IV
(d) I, II, III and IV
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Answer: (d) I, II, III and IV

Which one of the following hormones contains iodine?

(a) Thyroxine
(b) Testosterone
(c) Insulin
(d) Adrenaline
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Answer: (a) Thyroxine

“By weaving threads of physics, chemistry and biology into a rich tapestry, this remarkable scientist provided a unifying molecular view of the world... He touted the wonderful properties of Vitamin C first as a cure of common cold and later as a preventive agent against cancer.” One of science’s major figures of all time referred to above is

(a) G.N. Lewis
(b) Linus Carl Pauling
(c) Fritz London
(d) Walter Heitler
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Answer: (b) Linus Carl Pauling

“It begins as a single cell and grows into a merciless disease that claims millions of lives year after year. But scientists are steadily unlocking its mysteries, and the fight against it may now have reached a dramatic turning point. New discoveries promise better therapies and hope in the war against ...” The disease referred to in the above quotation is

(a) Cancer
(b) AIDS
(c) Tuberculosis
(d) Alzheimer’s disease
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Answer: (a) Cancer

‘Yellow cake’, an item of smuggling across borders is

(a) a crude form of heroin
(b) a crude form of cocaine
(c) uranium oxide
(d) unrefined gold
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Answer: (c) uranium oxide