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Revision note: Oceanography: Relief, Temperature, Salinity, Currents and Tides

  • Relief: shelf (to ~200 m; oil, fish), slope, rise, abyssal plain (nodules), ridges (Mid-Atlantic), trenches (Mariana ~10.9 km; Sunda in Indian Ocean)
  • Temperature: mixed layer, thermocline, deep layer
  • Salinity avg 35‰; highest in subtropics; Red Sea ~40‰; Lake Van highest; Baltic and Bay of Bengal low; Arabian Sea > Bay of Bengal
  • Warm currents on east coasts, cold on west; gyres clockwise NH; North Indian Ocean reverses with monsoon
  • Gulf Stream, Kuroshio warm; Labrador, Canaries, Benguela, Humboldt, California cold; Grand Banks, Dogger Bank fishing grounds
  • Tides: spring (new/full moon), neap (quarters); Bay of Fundy; Gulf of Khambhat/Kutch tidal energy
  • Corals: fringing, barrier, atoll; Gulf of Mannar, Kutch, Andaman, Lakshadweep; bleaching
Revision card summarising Oceanography: Relief, Temperature, Salinity, Currents and Tides
One-page visual summary of the key points to revise.

Source: https://upscprep.in/upsc/gs1/physical-geography-in-depth/oceanography-relief-temperature-salinity-currents-and-tides/ · UPSCPrep.in

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