GS2 › Fundamental Rights
Revision note: Rights against Exploitation, Freedom of Religion and Minority Rights (Articles 23–30)
- Art 23: trafficking, begar, forced labour banned; compulsory public service allowed; Asiad case: below-minimum wage = forced labour
- Art 24: no child <14 in hazardous work; 2016 Act bans all work <14 (family/entertainment exceptions)
- Art 25: conscience, profession, practice, propagation (not conversion – Stainislaus 1977); kirpan
- Art 26 denominations manage affairs; Art 27 no religious tax; Art 28 religious instruction rules
- Art 29 any section of citizens; Art 30 minorities' institutions
- T.M.A. Pai: state-wise minority; 6 notified religious minorities (Jains 2014)
Source: https://upscprep.in/upsc/gs2/fundamental-rights/rights-against-exploitation-freedom-of-religion-and-minority-rights-articles-23-30/ · UPSCPrep.in