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Health, Education and Hunger – UPSC GS2

This module of the GS Paper 2: Polity, Governance, Social Justice & IR course covers public health system, education policy, and poverty and nutrition programmes. It has 3 study lessons and a 24-question practice quiz. Free lessons can be read in full; premium lessons show a preview.

Lessons in this module

1. Health Sector: Policy, Institutions, Ayushman Bharat and Challenges

Free 7 min

"Public health and sanitation; hospitals and dispensaries" is a State List subject (Entry 6). "Population control and family planning" and "medical education" are on the Concurrent List. The Centre influences health through funding (the National…

2. Education: NEP 2020, RTE, Higher Education and Skills

Premium 7 min

Education was moved from the State List to the Concurrent List by the 42nd Amendment (1976). The 86th Amendment (2002) inserted Article 21A, making free and compulsory education for children aged 6–14 a Fundamental Right.…

3. Poverty, Hunger and Food Security: Measurement, PDS and Nutrition

Premium 7 min

GS Paper 2 lists "issues relating to poverty and hunger". Poverty is a lack of the resources and capabilities needed for a minimum standard of living. Hunger covers undernourishment (insufficient calories), micronutrient deficiency ("hidden hunger":…

 Module quiz: Health, Education and Hunger (24 questions)

Maps & infographics in this module

Flowchart of India's public health system from sub-centre through PHC, CHC and district hospital to tertiary institutions with population norms
Hilly and tribal areas use lower population norms (3,000; 20,000; 80,000).
Organogram of Ayushman Bharat showing Ayushman Arogya Mandirs, PM-JAY and enabling missions
The two pillars address primary care and hospital insurance respectively.
Flowchart of the NEP 2020 school structure with foundational, preparatory, middle and secondary stages and their age ranges
The new structure brings ages 3–6 into formal schooling for the first time.
Timeline of Indian education policy from the 1968 policy to NEP 2020
Policy has moved from access to quality and learning outcomes.
Grouped bar chart comparing NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 child stunting, wasting, underweight and anaemia percentages
Stunting, wasting and underweight fell modestly while anaemia rose sharply.
Bar chart showing multidimensional poverty falling from 24.85 percent in 2015-16 to 14.96 percent in 2019-21
About 13.5 crore people exited multidimensional poverty in five years.

Frequently asked questions

Lessons: Health Sector: Policy, Institutions, Ayushman Bharat and Challenges; Education: NEP 2020, RTE, Higher Education and Skills; Poverty, Hunger and Food Security: Measurement, PDS and Nutrition.

Answer: State List. Entry 6, State List.

Answer: 2.5% of GDP. By 2025.

Answer: ₹5 lakh per family per year. Secondary and tertiary hospitalisation.

Answer: National Health Authority. NHA.

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