GS3 › Agricultural Resources and Production

Revision note: Cropping Patterns, Crop Seasons and Major Crops

  • Agriculture: ~18% of GVA, ~46% of workforce; food grains ~354 MT (2024–25); avg holding 1.08 ha; 86% small/marginal
  • Kharif (June–Oct): rice, maize, cotton, tur, soybean, groundnut; Rabi (Oct–Apr): wheat, gram, mustard, barley; Zaid: melons, vegetables
  • Cropping intensity = GCA/NSA × 100 (~155%)
  • Leaders: rice WB; wheat UP; pulses MP; mustard Rajasthan; soybean MP; sugarcane UP; cotton Gujarat; jute WB; tea Assam; coffee Karnataka; rubber Kerala
  • Bt cotton 2002 (only GM crop); GM mustard DMH-11 approval 2022 (litigation)
  • International Year of Millets 2023; NMEO-OP 2021; NMEO-Oilseeds 2024; Dalwai Committee (DFI)
Revision card summarising Cropping Patterns, Crop Seasons and Major Crops
One-page visual summary of the key points to revise.

Source: https://upscprep.in/upsc/gs3/agricultural-resources-and-production/cropping-patterns-crop-seasons-and-major-crops/ · UPSCPrep.in

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