Geography › Indian Physical Geography – UPSC Prelims PYQs

48 questions · 1995–2026 · answers as per the UPSC key

Take test Free Study this topic: Indian Physical and Economic Geography
By year: UPSC 2026 (1)UPSC 2025 (1)UPSC 2024 (1)UPSC 2023 (1)UPSC 2022 (3)UPSC 2021 (1)UPSC 2020 (1)UPSC 2019 (1)UPSC 2018 (2)UPSC 2017 (1)UPSC 2016 (1)UPSC 2015 (1)UPSC 2014 (1)UPSC 2012 (1)UPSC 2011 (1)UPSC 2010 (2)UPSC 2008 (2)UPSC 2007 (3)UPSC 2006 (1)UPSC 2005 (2)UPSC 2004 (3)UPSC 2003 (3)UPSC 2002 (2)UPSC 2001 (1)UPSC 2000 (1)UPSC 1999 (1)UPSC 1997 (2)UPSC 1996 (4)UPSC 1995 (3)

Which of the following geographical features or phenomena is/are associated with the Peninsular Block of India ?

  1. Submergence of parts of the western coast due to tectonic activity
  2. Presence of residual mountain ranges such as the Veliconda hills and Mahendragiri hills
  3. Deep, V-shaped river valleys formed by fast-flowing rivers

Select the answer using the code given below :

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 1 and 2

Consider the following pairs : State : Description I. Arunachal Pradesh : The capital is named after a fort, and the State has two National Parks II. Nagaland : The State came into existence on the basis of a Constitutional Amendment Act III. Tripura : Initially a Part 'C' State, it became a centrally administered territory with the reorganization of States in 1956 and later attained the status of a full-fledged State

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All the three
(d) None
Show answer
Answer: (c) All the three

Consider the following information : Waterfall | Region | River

  1. | Dhuandhar | Malwa | Narmada
  2. | Hundru | Chota Nagpur | Subarnarekha
  3. | Gersoppa | Western Ghats | Netravati In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched ?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Show answer
Answer: (a) Only one

Consider the following statements :

  1. Some mushrooms have medicinal properties.
  2. Some mushrooms have psycho-active properties.
  3. Some mushrooms have insecticidal properties.
  4. Some mushrooms have bioluminescent properties.

How many of the above statements are correct?

(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
Show answer
Answer: (d) All four

Gandikota canyon of South India was created by which one of the following rivers ?

(a) Cauvery
(b) Manjira
(c) Pennar
(d) Tungabhadra
Show answer
Answer: (c) Pennar

Consider the following pairs : Peak — Mountains

  1. Namcha Barwa — Garhwal Himalaya
  2. Nanda Devi — Kumaon Himalaya
  3. Nokrek — Sikkim Himalaya

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched ?

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 2 only

Consider the following pairs : Wetland/Lake — Location

  1. Hokera Wetland — Punjab
  2. Renuka Wetland — Himachal Pradesh
  3. Rudrasagar Lake — Tripura
  4. Sasthamkotta Lake — Tamil Nadu

How many pairs given above are correctly matched ?

(a) Only one pair
(b) Only two pairs
(c) Only three pairs
(d) All four pairs
Show answer
Answer: (b) Only two pairs

With reference to India, Didwana, Kuchaman, Sargol and Khatu are the names of

(a) glaciers
(b) mangrove areas
(c) Ramsar sites
(d) saline lakes
Show answer
Answer: (d) saline lakes

Siachen Glacier is situated to the

(a) East of Aksai Chin
(b) East of Leh
(c) North of Gilgit
(d) North of Nubra Valley
Show answer
Answer: (d) North of Nubra Valley

Consider the following pairs : Glacier River

  1. Bandarpunch : Yamuna
  2. Bara Shigri : Chenab
  3. Milam : Mandakini
  4. Siachen : Nubra
  5. Zemu : Manas

Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 1, 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 5
(d) 3 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 4

Which one of the following is an artificial lake ?

(a) Kodaikanal (Tamil Nadu)
(b) Kolleru (Andhra Pradesh)
(c) Nainital (Uttarakhand)
(d) Renuka (Himachal Pradesh)
Show answer
Answer: (a) Kodaikanal (Tamil Nadu)

Consider the following statements :

  1. The Barren Island volcano is an active volcano located in the Indian territory.
  2. Barren Island lies about 140 km east of Great Nicobar.
  3. The last time the Barren Island volcano erupted was in 1991 and it has remained inactive since then.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 only
(d) 1 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only

Consider the following statements :

  1. In India, the Himalayas are spread over five States only.
  2. Western Ghats are spread over five States only.
  3. Pulicat Lake is spread over two States only.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1 and 3 only
Show answer
Answer: (b) 3 only

Consider the following pairs : Famous place

  1. Bodhgaya : Baghelkhand
  2. Khajuraho : Bundelkhand
  3. Shirdi : Vidarbha
  4. Nasik (Nashik) : Malwa
  5. Tirupati : Rayalaseema

Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(c) 2 and 5 only
(d) 1, 3, 4 and 5
Show answer
Answer: (c) 2 and 5 only

Consider the following pairs : Place of Pilgrimage

  1. Srisailam : Nallamala Hills
  2. Omkareshwar : Satmala Hills
  3. Pushkar : Mahadeo Hills

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (a) 1 only

Consider the following pairs : Hills

  1. Cardamom Hills : Coromandel Coast
  2. Kaimur Hills : Konkan Coast
  3. Mahadeo Hills : Central India
  4. Mikir Hills : North-East India

Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 2 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (c) 3 and 4

When you travel in Himalayas, you will see the following :

  1. Deep gorges
  2. U-turn river courses
  3. Parallel mountain ranges
  4. Steep gradients causing landsliding

Which of the above can be said to be the evidences for Himalayas being young fold mountains?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

The Brahmaputra, Irrawady and Mekong rivers originate in Tibet and flow through narrow and parallel mountain ranges in their upper reaches. Of these rivers, Brahmaputra makes a "U" turn in its course to flow into India. This "U" turn is due to

(a) and
(b) above
(c) geo-tectonic disturbance in the tertiary folded mountain chains
(d) Both
Show answer
Answer: (b) above

If there were no Himalayan ranges, what would have been the most likely geographical impact on India?

  1. Much of the country would experience the cold waves from Siberia.
  2. Indo-Gangetic plain would be devoid of such extensive alluvial soils.
  3. The pattern of monsoon would be different from what it is at present.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

The latitudes that pass through Sikkim also pass through

(a) Rajasthan
(b) Punjab
(c) Himachal Pradesh
(d) Jammu & Kashmir
Show answer
Answer: (a) Rajasthan

Which of the following hills are found where the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats meet?

(a) Anaimalai Hills
(b) Cardamom Hills
(c) Nilgiri Hills
(d) Shevaroy Hills
Show answer
Answer: (c) Nilgiri Hills

In India, how many States share the coastline?

(a) 7
(b) 8
(c) 9
(d) 10
Show answer
Answer: (c) 9

Where are the Shevaroy Hills located?

(a) Andhra Pradesh
(b) Karnataka
(c) Kerala
(d) Tamil Nadu
Show answer
Answer: (d) Tamil Nadu

Which one among the following major cities is most eastward located?

(a) Hyderabad
(b) Bhopal
(c) Lucknow
(d) Raipur
Show answer
Answer: (d) Raipur

In which State is the Guru Shikhar Peak located?

(a) Rajasthan
(b) Gujarat
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Maharashtra
Show answer
Answer: (a) Rajasthan

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists : List – I (Valley) A. Markha Valley B. Dzukou Valley C. Sangla Valley D. Yumthang Valley List – II (State)

  1. Sikkim
  2. Himachal Pradesh
  3. Jammu and Kashmir
  4. Nagaland

Codes : A B C D

(a) 2 4 3 1
(b) 3 1 2 4
(c) 2 1 3 4
(d) 3 4 2 1
Show answer
Answer: (d) 3 4 2 1

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

(a) The Western Ghats are relatively higher in their northern region
(b) The Anaimudi is the highest peak in the Western Ghats
(c) Tapti river lies to the south of Satpura.
(d) The Narmada and the Tapi river valleys are said to be old rift valleys.
Show answer
Answer: (a) The Western Ghats are relatively higher in their northern region

Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the given hills starting from the north and going towards the south?

(a) Nallamalai Hills – Nilgiri Hills – Javadi Hills – Anaimalai Hills
(b) Anaimalai Hills – Javadi Hills – Nilgiri Hills – Nallamalai Hills
(c) Nallamalai Hills – Javadi Hills – Nilgiri Hills – Anaimalai Hills
(d) Anaimalai Hills – Nallamalai Hills – Javadi Hills – Nilgiri Hills
Show answer
Answer: (c) Nallamalai Hills – Javadi Hills – Nilgiri Hills – Anaimalai Hills

Consider the following statements:

  1. Mahadeo Hills
  2. Sahyadri Parvat
  3. Satpura Range

What is the correct sequence of the above from the north to the south?

(a) 1, 2, 3
(b) 2, 1, 3
(c) 1, 3, 2
(d) 2, 3, 1
Show answer
Answer: (c) 1, 3, 2

Lake Sambhar is nearest

to which one of the following cities of Rajasthan?

(a) Bharatpur
(b) Jaipur
(c) Jodhpur
(d) Udaipur
Show answer
Answer: (b) Jaipur

Match List I (Beaches in India) with List II (States) and select the correct answer using the codes given below:

  1. Andhra Pradesh
  2. Kerala
  3. Gujarat
  4. Goa
  5. Karnataka

List I (A) Gopnath Beach (B) Lawsons Bay Beach (C) Devbagh Beach (D) Sinquerium Beach

List II

Codes:

(a) A 5 B 4 C 2 D 1
(b) A 3 B 1 C 5 D 4
(c) A 5 B 1 C 2 D 4
(d) A 3 B 4 C 5 D 1
Show answer
Answer: (b) A 3 B 1 C 5 D 4

Nanda Devi peak forms a part of

(a) Assam Himalayas
(b) Kumaon Himalayas
(c) Nepal Himalayas
(d) Punjab Himalayas
Show answer
Answer: (b) Kumaon Himalayas

Among the following cities, which one is at the highest altitude above mean sea level?

(a) Bangalore
(b) Delhi
(c) Jodhpur
(d) Nagpur
Show answer
Answer: (a) Bangalore

Consider the following statements:

  1. Longitude of Jabalpur’s location is between those of Indore and Bhopal.
  2. Latitude of Aurangabad’s location is between those of Vadodara and Pune.
  3. Bangalore is situated more southward than Chennai.

Which of these statements is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 3
(b) Only 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Answer: (c) 2 and 3

With reference to India,

which one of the following statements is correct?

(a) About one-third of the area of the country records more than 750 millimetres of annual rainfall
(b) The dominant source of irrigation in the country is wells
(c) Alluvial soil is the predominant type of soil in the northern plains of the country
(d) The mountain areas account for about thirty percent of the surface area of the country
Show answer
Answer: (c) Alluvial soil is the predominant type of soil in the northern plains of the country

Which one of the following is a lagoon?

(a) Ashtamudi lake
(b) Chilka lake
(c) Periyar lake
(d) Pulicat lake
Show answer
Answer: (c) Periyar lake

The approximate age of the Aravalli’s range is

(a) 370 million years
(b) 470 million years
(c) 570 million years
(d) 670 million years
Show answer
Answer: (a) 370 million years

Match the cities labelled as 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in the given map with the names of the institutes located in these cities and select the correct answer using the codes given below the names of the institutes. Names of Institutes A) Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute B) Central Sheep Breeding Farm C) National Dairy Research Institute D) National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management

Codes:

(a) A-5, B-1, C-3, D-2
(b) A-5, B-2, C-1, D-4
(c) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
(d) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
Show answer
Answer: (b) A-5, B-2, C-1, D-4

Match List I with List II

and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists:

List I (Resorts) I. Chakrata II. Haflong III. Kalimpong IV. Kufri

List II (States) A) Assam B) West Bengal C) Uttar Pradesh D) Himachal Pradesh

(a) I-A, II-C, III-B, IV-D
(b) I-C, II-A, III-D, IV-B
(c) I-C, II-A, III-B, IV-D
(d) I-A, II-C, III-D, IV-B
Show answer
Answer: (c) I-C, II-A, III-B, IV-D

Match List I with List II

and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

List I I. Deccan Traps II. Western Ghats III. Aravalli IV. Narmada-Tapi

List II A) Late Cenozoic B) Pre-Cambrian C) Cretaceous-Eocene D) Cambrian Alluvial deposits E) Pleistocene

Codes:

(a) I-C, II-E, III-A, IV-D
(b) I-C, II-A, III-B, IV-E
(c) I-B, II-A, III-C, IV-D
(d) I-A, II-D, III-B, IV-E
Show answer
Answer: (b) I-C, II-A, III-B, IV-E

Consider the map given below:

The places marked A, B, C and D in the map are respectively

(a) Rift valley region, Chattisgarh plain, Rain shadow region and Chotanagpur plateau
(b) Chattisgarh plain, Chotanagpur plateau, Rift valley region and Rain shadow region
(c) Rift valley region, Chattisgarh plain, Chotanagpur plateau and Rain shadow region
(d) Chattisgarh plain, Rain shadow region, Chotanagpur plateau and Rift valley region
Show answer
Answer: (c) Rift valley region, Chattisgarh plain, Chotanagpur plateau and Rain shadow region
This question uses a table or figure from the original paper that is not reproduced here.

'Saddle Peak', the highest peak of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, is located in

(a) Great Nicobar
(b) Middle Andaman
(c) Little Andaman
(d) North Andaman
Show answer
Answer: (d) North Andaman

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? I. Idukki — Thermal power station II. Sabarigiri — Hydro-electric project III. Ghatprabha — Irrigation project IV. Ramganga — Multipurpose project

Select the correct answer by using the codes given below:

(a) II, III and IV
(b) I, II, III and IV
(c) III and IV
(d) I and II
Show answer
Answer: (a) II, III and IV

“You might see a few curious Danes around, but that is because …… used to be Danish outpost. This quaint town with its fort and a beautiful church, the New Jerusalem, empty streets and deserted beach front is a quaint gem.” The place referred to in this quotation lies on the

(a) Tamil Nadu coast
(b) Kerala coast
(c) Karnataka coast
(d) Goa coast
Show answer
Answer: (a) Tamil Nadu coast

The Palk Bay lies between

(a) Gulf of Kachchh and Gulf of Khambhat
(b) Gulf of Mannar and Bay of Bengal
(c) Lakshadweep and Maldives’ Islands
(d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Show answer
Answer: (b) Gulf of Mannar and Bay of Bengal

Which one of the following mountain ranges is spread over only one State in India?

(a) Aravalli
(b) Satpura
(c) Ajanta
(d) Sahyadri
Show answer
Answer: (c) Ajanta

Arakan Yoma is the extension of the Himalayas located in

(a) Baluchistan
(b) Myanmar
(c) Nepal
(d) Kashmir
Show answer
Answer: (b) Myanmar

Examine the map of Jammu and Kashmir given below: The mountain ranges marked 1, 2, 3 and 4 are respectively The original map is not available for this question.

(a) Ladakh, Zanskar, Karakoram and Pir Panjal
(b) Karakoram, Ladakh, Zanskar and Pir Panjal
(c) Karakoram, Zanskar, Pir Panjal and Ladakh
(d) Ladakh, Pir Panjal, Karakoram and Zanskar
Show answer
Answer: (b) Karakoram, Ladakh, Zanskar and Pir Panjal