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Geophysical Phenomena and Resource Distribution – UPSC GS1

This module of the GS Paper 1: History, Culture, Geography & Society course covers earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, cyclones and world distribution of key resources. It has 4 study lessons and a 32-question practice quiz. Free lessons can be read in full; premium lessons show a preview.

Lessons in this module

1. Earthquakes and Tsunamis

Free 7 min

An earthquake is the sudden shaking of the ground caused when stress built up in rocks is released along a fault, a fracture where blocks of crust move against each other. The point inside the…

2. Volcanoes and Volcanic Landforms

Premium 7 min

A volcano is an opening in the Earth's crust through which molten rock, gases and fragments escape to the surface. Molten rock below the surface is called magma; once it reaches the surface it is…

3. Tropical Cyclones and Other Atmospheric Hazards

Premium 7 min

A tropical cyclone is an intense, rotating low-pressure storm that forms over warm tropical oceans, with winds spiralling inward and upward around a calm centre. The same phenomenon has different local names: cyclones in the…

4. World Distribution of Key Resources and Industries

Premium 8 min

The GS Paper 1 syllabus asks for the distribution of key natural resources across the world, including South Asia and the Indian subcontinent, and the factors responsible for the location of industries in different parts…

Module quiz: Geophysical Phenomena and Resource Distribution (32 questions)

Maps & infographics in this module

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami striking the coast
The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami striking the coast. Credit: Wikimedia Commons · Public domain.
Damage from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, California
Damage from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, California. Credit: Wikimedia Commons · CC0.
Wallace Creek, offset by movement along the San Andreas Fault, a transform plate boundary
Wallace Creek, offset by movement along the San Andreas Fault, a transform plate boundary. Credit: Wikimedia Commons · Public domain.
World map marking earthquake sites in the Circum-Pacific belt such as Japan, Chile, Alaska, California and Sumatra, and in the Alpine-Himalayan belt such as Turkey, Iran, Nepal and Myanmar
Most large quakes follow plate boundaries.
India map shading high-risk Zone V states of the north-east, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal and Uttarakhand, and marking Bhuj, Latur, Koyna, Uttarkashi, Assam and Sikkim earthquakes
Kachchh, north Bihar and the A&N Islands are also Zone V.
Flow chart showing a subduction earthquake lifting the sea floor, fast-moving long waves, shoaling near the coast, sea withdrawal and inland surge, and early warning
A receding sea is a natural warning sign.

Frequently asked questions

Lessons: Earthquakes and Tsunamis; Volcanoes and Volcanic Landforms; Tropical Cyclones and Other Atmospheric Hazards; World Distribution of Key Resources and Industries.

Answer: Epicentre. Focus is underground.

Answer: Intensity. Effects at a place.

Answer: Circum-Pacific belt. Ring of Fire.

Answer: Reservoir-induced seismicity. Dam load.

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